Complete Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27 – All Subjects & Chapters
You just entered Class 10. The board exams feel far away — March 2027 seems like a different world from where you’re standing today. But here’s what every student who scores 90+ will tell you: they didn’t start studying harder in January. They started studying smarter in June.
This page gives you the complete Class 10 syllabus 2026-27 across all five subjects, broken down chapter by chapter, with the marks each unit carries, and a realistic plan for how to approach the full year. Bookmark this page. You will come back to it.
What Is the CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27?
The CBSE Class 10 syllabus 2026-27 is the official curriculum released by the Central Board of Secondary Education for students appearing in the 2027 board examinations. It covers five core subjects: Mathematics, Science, Social Science, English, and Hindi.
Each subject follows an 80 marks theory + 20 marks internal assessment structure. The 2026-27 syllabus places strong emphasis on competency-based questions, case studies, and application-level thinking — meaning rote learning alone will not be enough.
The five compulsory subjects for most CBSE Class 10 students are:
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
| Subject | Theory Marks | Internal Assessment | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics (Standard / Basic) | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Science | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Social Science | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| English Language & Literature | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Hindi (Course A / Course B) | 80 | 20 | 100 |
Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2026-27 (Chapters & Marks Weightage)
Mathematics is the subject where the difference between 70 and 95 is almost entirely preparation quality. The syllabus is divided into six units, with Algebra carrying the highest weightage at 20 marks out of 80.
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Unit-Wise Marks Distribution
| Unit | Topics | Marks (Theory) |
|---|---|---|
| Number Systems | Real Numbers | 06 |
| Algebra | Polynomials, Pair of Linear Equations, Quadratic Equations, Arithmetic Progressions | 20 |
| Coordinate Geometry | Lines & Coordinate Geometry | 06 |
| Geometry | Triangles, Circles, Constructions | 15 |
| Trigonometry | Introduction, Applications of Trigonometry | 12 |
| Mensuration | Areas Related to Circles, Surface Areas & Volumes | 10 |
| Statistics & Probability | Statistics, Probability | 11 |
| Total | 80 |
Key Chapters to Prioritise First
Algebra (20 marks) is where you spend the maximum time in the first half of the year. Quadratic Equations and Arithmetic Progressions together account for a significant portion of this unit and appear in almost every board paper in some form.
Trigonometry (12 marks) is a chapter that rewards early investment. Students who understand the basics of Trigonometric Identities in August find the entire unit manageable by December. Students who delay it until February find it overwhelming.
Geometry (15 marks) — particularly the Triangles chapter — has some of the most predictable board questions. Practice theorems and their proof methods systematically.
💡 CBSE now offers two options: Mathematics Standard (for students planning to take Maths in Class 11) and Mathematics Basic (for students who do not intend to pursue Maths further). Choose based on your Class 11 stream plan, not on fear of difficulty.
Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27 (Chapters & Marks Weightage)
Science in Class 10 covers Physics, Chemistry, and Biology within a single paper. Students often underestimate the breadth of this subject. The key insight: Biology and Chemistry together carry more marks than Physics, which surprises many students who study Physics most.
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Unit-Wise Marks Distribution
| Unit | Chapters | Marks (Theory) |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Substances – Nature & Behaviour | Chemical Reactions & Equations, Acids Bases & Salts, Metals & Non-Metals, Carbon & its Compounds | 25 |
| World of Living | Life Processes, Control & Coordination, How Do Organisms Reproduce?, Heredity & Evolution | 25 |
| Natural Phenomena | Light – Reflection & Refraction, Human Eye & Colourful World | 12 |
| Effects of Electric Current | Electricity, Magnetic Effects of Electric Current | 13 |
| Natural Resources | Our Environment | 05 |
| Total | 80 |
Note: Periodic Classification of Elements and Sources of Energy are not included in the 2026-27 syllabus. Do not waste time on these chapters.
Chapter-Wise Priority Guide
Chemical Reactions & Equations is Chapter 1 for a reason — it sets up the logic for the entire Chemistry section. Read it carefully and understand the types of reactions with examples, as board papers frequently test these with equation-balancing questions.
Life Processes is consistently one of the most asked chapters in Biology. Diagrams of the human digestive system, heart, and nephron are standard board requirements. Start drawing and labelling diagrams from the first month.
Electricity in Physics has been a high-weightage chapter across multiple years of board papers. Focus on Ohm’s Law, resistance combinations (series/parallel), and numerical problems — they are directly marks-earning.
Class 10 Social Science Syllabus 2026-27 (Chapters & Marks Weightage)
Social Science (SST) is the most misunderstood subject in Class 10. Students either ignore it (“it’s just theory, I’ll read it in March”) or over-study it aimlessly. The truth is that SST is one of the most scoring subjects in the board exam when studied with structure.
The syllabus has four distinct sections, each with its own NCERT book.
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
History – India and the Contemporary World II
| Chapter | Chapter Name |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | The Rise of Nationalism in Europe |
| Chapter 2 | Nationalism in India |
| Chapter 3 | The Making of a Global World |
| Chapter 4 | The Age of Industrialisation |
| Chapter 5 | Print Culture and the Modern World |
Geography – Contemporary India II
| Chapter | Chapter Name |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | Resources and Development |
| Chapter 2 | Forest and Wildlife Resources |
| Chapter 3 | Water Resources |
| Chapter 4 | Agriculture |
| Chapter 5 | Minerals and Energy Resources |
| Chapter 6 | Manufacturing Industries |
| Chapter 7 | Lifelines of National Economy |
Map Work is compulsory in Geography. Practicing map-based questions from the very first month is one of the highest-leverage habits you can build.
Political Science – Democratic Politics II
| Chapter | Chapter Name |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | Power Sharing |
| Chapter 2 | Federalism |
| Chapter 3 | Democracy and Diversity |
| Chapter 4 | Gender, Religion and Caste |
| Chapter 5 | Popular Struggles and Movements |
| Chapter 6 | Political Parties |
| Chapter 7 | Outcomes of Democracy |
Economics – Understanding Economic Development
| Chapter | Chapter Name |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | Development |
| Chapter 2 | Sectors of the Indian Economy |
| Chapter 3 | Money and Credit |
| Chapter 4 | Globalisation and the Indian Economy |
| Chapter 5 | Consumer Rights |
SST Marks Distribution
| Subject | Marks |
|---|---|
| History | 20 |
| Geography | 20 |
| Political Science | 20 |
| Economics | 20 |
| Total Theory | 80 |
Class 10 English (Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27 )
English in CBSE Class 10 is divided into three sections: Reading, Writing & Grammar, and Literature. The prescribed NCERT books are First Flight (prose and poetry) and Footprints Without Feet (supplementary reader).
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Reading Section
- Factual passages
- Discursive passages
- Emphasis on inference, vocabulary, and main idea extraction
Writing & Grammar Section
- Formal and informal letter writing
- Notice, message, and paragraph writing
- Grammar: Tenses, modals, reported speech, subject-verb agreement, determiners, clauses
Literature Section (First Flight – Prose)
A Letter to God, Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom, Two Stories About Flying, From the Diary of Anne Frank, The Hundred Dresses, The Hack Driver, Bholi, The Book That Saved the Earth
Literature Section (First Flight – Poetry)
Dust of Snow, Fire and Ice, A Tiger in the Zoo, How to Tell Wild Animals, The Ball Poem, Amanda!, Animals, The Trees, Fog, The Tale of Custard the Dragon, For Anne Gregory
Footprints Without Feet (Supplementary Reader)
A Triumph of Surgery, The Thief’s Story, The Midnight Visitor, A Question of Trust, Footprints Without Feet, The Making of a Scientist, The Necklace, Bholi (shared), The Book That Saved the Earth
💡 English tip: The Writing section is the most consistently underperformed area. Students who practice 2–3 letter and notice formats per week throughout the year score far higher than those who read grammar rules but never write.
Class 10 Hindi (Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27)
CBSE offers two Hindi courses: Hindi Course A (deeper literary study) and Hindi Course B (simpler, grammar-focused). Most schools prescribe one based on their curriculum.
The prescribed books for Hindi Course A are Kshitij (Part 2) and Kritika (Part 2). For Course B: Sparsh (Part 2) and Sanchayan (Part 2).
Hindi has three sections in the board exam: Reading, Writing, and Literature — similar in structure to English.
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Exam Pattern for CBSE Class 10 Board Exam 2027
Understanding how the paper is structured is as important as knowing what to study. The 2026-27 exam pattern includes different types of questions carrying different marks.
| Question Type | Marks per Question | Number of Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) | 1 mark | ~20 questions |
| Short Answer (SA I) | 2 marks | ~6–7 questions |
| Short Answer (SA II) | 3 marks | ~7–8 questions |
| Long Answer (LA) | 5 marks | ~3–4 questions |
| Case-Based Questions | 4–5 marks | ~2–3 questions |
Case-Based Questions (CBQs) are now a fixed part of every CBSE Class 10 paper and require reading a short paragraph and answering related questions. They test comprehension and application, not memory. Students who practice them regularly score well; students who ignore them in preparation find them disorienting in the exam hall.
Internal Assessment — 20 Marks Per Subject
The 20 marks of internal assessment are often treated as guaranteed marks — which is both correct and a mistake. They are largely controllable, but only if you take them seriously.
Internal assessment typically includes:
- Periodic Tests: 10 marks (school-conducted tests, usually 3 per year, best 2 counted)
- Notebook Submission: 5 marks (regular, neat, updated subject notebooks)
- Subject Enrichment Activity: 5 marks (projects, practicals, speaking activities)
A student who scores 17–18 out of 20 consistently in internals needs only 63–65/80 in the board theory paper to score 80+ overall. This is a meaningful strategic advantage. Never treat internal assessments as an afterthought.
Class 10 Study Plan 2026-27 — A Realistic Month-by-Month Approach
This is not a strict timetable. It’s a rhythm designed around how the CBSE academic year actually unfolds.
June – August: Foundation Phase
Start with the subjects and chapters that feel most unfamiliar. For most students, this means beginning Chemistry (Class 10 Science) and Algebra. Read chapter notes, understand concepts, attempt worksheet problems. Aim to cover 2–3 chapters per subject by end of August.
📖 Start with Development – Class 10 Economics Notes → 📖 Start with Rise of Nationalism – Chapter 1 History Notes →
September – October: Building Phase
This is when school exams (Pre-boards, half-yearly) arrive. Use them as genuine practice, not as disruptions. By October, most of the syllabus should have been covered at least once.
November – December: Revision Phase
Start systematic chapter-by-chapter revision. Attempt previous year questions (PYQs) for each chapter. Identify weak areas and spend focused time on them — not equal time on all chapters.
📖 Practice Class 10 History Notes – Chapter Wise → 📖 Class 10 Science Notes – All Chapters →
January – February: Exam-Mode Phase
Full syllabus coverage should be complete. Focus moves entirely to mock tests, full-length practice papers, time management, and answer-writing quality. Attempt at least one full-length paper per subject per week.
March: Board Exams
Light revision only. No new studying. Sleep, eat, and stay calm. The work was already done.
The One Thing Most Class 10 Students Get Wrong on Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Most students treat the Class 10 syllabus as a list of topics to read. The ones who score 90+ treat it as a list of topics to practice answering.
Reading a chapter gives you familiarity. Writing answers — timed, structured, under exam-like conditions — gives you marks. The shift from reading mode to writing mode is the single biggest lever in Class 10 board preparation.
Start writing answers from the first month. Even rough, imperfect answers from June are worth more than perfect notes in February.
Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
How to Use MKKClass for Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27 Preparation
MKKClass provides chapter-wise notes, worksheets, quizzes, and full-length tests for every subject in the Class 10 syllabus 2026-27 — all organized as per the latest CBSE curriculum.
Use the notes pages to build your understanding. Use the quizzes to test yourself after each chapter. Use the worksheets for written practice. Follow this pattern consistently and the board exam in March 2027 will feel like a familiar exercise, not an unknown challenge.
Recommended starting points:
- 📖 Complete Class 10 History Notes →
- 📖 Class 10 Science Notes – Chapter Wise →
- 📖 Development Class 10 Notes – Economics Chapter 1 →
- 📖 Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Class 10 Notes →
The official CBSE syllabus PDF for all subjects is also available at cbseacademic.nic.in.
Frequently Asked Questions — Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
Is the Class 10 syllabus 2026-27 the same as 2025-26?
The core syllabus structure remains largely the same. The 2026-27 session continues with NCERT-based content and the 80+20 marks pattern. There are no major chapter deletions reported for 2026-27 beyond what was already removed in previous sessions (Periodic Classification of Elements and Sources of Energy remain excluded from Science).
Which subject is most scoring in Class 10 CBSE?
Social Science is widely considered the most scoring subject because it is entirely NCERT-based, answer-writing patterns are predictable, and map work is straightforward with practice. Students who revise SST thoroughly and practice answer writing consistently often score 85+ with less effort than equivalent marks in Mathematics.
Is NCERT enough for Class 10 board exams?
For most subjects, yes. NCERT is the primary and sufficient source for Science, Social Science, and English. For Mathematics, NCERT exercises are essential but additional practice books (like RD Sharma or Oswaal) are helpful for building problem-solving speed and variety. Hindi benefits from NCERT plus grammar practice.
How many chapters are there in Class 10 in total?
Across all five core subjects, Class 10 has approximately 45–50 chapters to cover in a full academic year. Spread over 9 months of preparation (June to February), this means covering roughly 5–6 chapters per month — a completely manageable pace when started early.
What is the passing marks in CBSE Class 10?
Students must score a minimum of 33 marks out of 100 in each subject to pass. This applies separately to theory (33% of 80) and internal assessment (33% of 20). However, the realistic target for any student using MKKClass resources is not 33 — it’s 80+.
Last updated: May 2026 | Based on official CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27 Category: Class 10 Syllabus & Study Guides | MKKClass
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