1. A concave mirror forms a real, inverted image equal in size when the object is placed at:
    a) Focus
    b) Centre of curvature
    c) Beyond C
    d) Between C and F
   
   
2. The focal length of concave mirror is 12 cm. Its radius of curvature is:
    a) 6 cm
    b) 12 cm
    c) 24 cm
    d) –24 cm
   
   
3. Which of the following correctly shows bending of light from air (n=1) to glass (n=1.5)?
    a) Away from normal
    b) Towards normal
    c) No bending
    d) Parallel shift only
   
   
4. A ray parallel to principal axis after refraction through convex lens passes through:
    a) Focus
    b) Centre
    c) Pole
    d) None
   
   
5. A convex lens forms a real, diminished image when object is placed:
    a) At F
    b) At 2F
    c) Beyond 2F
    d) Between F and O
   
   
6. A concave lens always forms an image that is:
    a) Real, inverted
    b) Virtual, erect, diminished
    c) Virtual, enlarged
    d) Real, erect
   
   
7. Refractive index formula is:
    a) n = c/v
    b) n = v/c
    c) n = 1/v
    d) n = c × v
   
   
8. Unit of power of lens is:
    a) Watt
    b) Newton
    c) Joule
    d) Dioptre
   
   

Numericals

1. A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm forms an image 30 cm in front. Object distance is:
    a) –10 cm
    b) –30 cm
    c) –45 cm
    d) –15 cm
   
   
2. A convex lens forms an image 50 cm away when object is at 30 cm. If f = ?, then:
    a) +18.75 cm
    b) –18.75 cm
    c) +20 cm
    d) –20 cm
   
   
3. Power of lens = +2 D. Focal length is:
    a) +100 cm
    b) –50 cm
    c) +50 cm
    d) –100 cm
   
   

Conceptual MCQs

1. Which phenomenon makes a coin appear raised in water?
    a) Reflection
    b) Refraction
    c) Dispersion
    d) Total internal reflection
   
   
2. Real image is formed when:
    a) Rays diverge
    b) Rays appear to meet
    c) Rays do not meet
    d) Rays actually meet
   
   
3. A mirror used by dentists is:
    a) Plane
    b) Convex
    c) Concave
    d) Cylindrical
   
   
4. If refractive index increases, bending of light:
    a) Increases
    b) Decreases
    c) Becomes zero
    d) Oscillates
   
   
5. A lens of power –4 D is:
    a) Convex
    b) Concave
    c) Plano-convex
    d) Biconvex
   
   

Case-Based MCQs

Read the following case carefully and answer Q17–20:

A student places an object 20 cm from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm.

1. Type of image formed:
    a) Real, inverted, same size
    b) Real, inverted, enlarged
    c) Virtual, erect
    d) Real, diminished
   
   
2. Image distance will be:
    a) +20 cm
    b) +30 cm
    c) +40 cm
    d) +10 cm
   
   
3. Magnification will be:
    a) +1
    b) –2
    c) –1
    d) +2
   
   
4. If lens is replaced by concave lens, image would be:
    a) Real and magnified
    b) Virtual and enlarged
    c) Virtual and diminished
    d) Real and erect