WORKSHEET – CHAPTER 7: HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE?

SECTION A – MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 MCQs)

  1. The ability of organisms to produce new individuals of their own kind is called:
     a) Respiration
     b) Reproduction
     c) Regeneration
     d) Growth

  2. Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are:
     a) Different
     b) Identical
     c) Slow growing
     d) Gamete forming

  3. Binary fission occurs in:
     a) Hydra
     b) Amoeba
     c) Planaria
     d) Yeast

  4. Budding occurs in:
     a) Hydra
     b) Amoeba
     c) Fern
     d) Bacteria

  5. Spore formation occurs in:
     a) Bryophyllum
     b) Rhizopus
     c) Yeast
     d) Hydra

  6. Which plant reproduces by vegetative propagation through leaves?
     a) Mango
     b) Potato
     c) Bryophyllum
     d) Neem

  7. The reproductive part of flowering plants is:
     a) Stem
     b) Leaf
     c) Flower
     d) Root

  8. Fusion of male and female gametes is called:
     a) Pollination
     b) Fertilisation
     c) Germination
     d) Vegetative propagation

  9. Pollen grain is produced in:
     a) Stigma
     b) Ovary
     c) Anther
     d) Ovule

  10. Which part develops into seed after fertilisation?
     a) Stigma
     b) Ovary
     c) Ovule
     d) Anther

  11. In human males, gametes are produced in:
     a) Testes
     b) Uterus
     c) Oviduct
     d) Cervix

  12. Fertilisation in humans occurs in:
     a) Uterus
     b) Vagina
     c) Fallopian tube
     d) Ovary

  13. The process of releasing an ovum is called:
     a) Menstruation
     b) Ovulation
     c) Implantation
     d) Fertilisation

  14. Testis produces:
     a) Eggs only
     b) Sperms and testosterone
     c) Eggs and estrogen
     d) Hormones only

  15. Menstruation occurs when:
     a) Egg is fertilised
     b) Egg is not fertilised
     c) Ovulation occurs
     d) Zygote forms

Case-Based MCQs

Read the case and answer Q16–20:

A gardener uses potato and money-plant cuttings to grow new plants quickly.

  1. This type of reproduction is:
     a) Sexual
     b) Asexual
     c) Regeneration
     d) Spore formation

  2. Potato reproduces through:
     a) Tuber
     b) Stem cutting
     c) Root cutting
     d) Leaf

  3. Money plant reproduces by:
     a) Leaves
     b) Seeds
     c) Stem cutting
     d) Budding

  4. Vegetative propagation is beneficial because it:
     a) Produces variation
     b) Produces identical plants quickly
     c) Is slow
     d) Needs fertilisation

  5. One disadvantage of vegetative propagation is:
     a) Time consuming
     b) Requires seeds
     c) No new variations
     d) Requires water

SECTION B – ASSERTION & REASON (10 Questions)

  1. A: Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring.
     R: Only one parent is involved.

  2. A: Hydra reproduces by budding.
     R: Buds develop due to mitotic cell division.

  3. A: Pollen tube carries male gametes.
     R: Pollen tube grows from ovule to anther.

  4. A: Fertilisation in humans occurs in fallopian tube.
     R: Sperms and ova meet there.

  5. A: Menstruation happens every 28 days.
     R: It is controlled by hormones.

  6. A: Sperms are motile.
     R: They have tail-like structures for movement.

  7. A: Ovary produces estrogen and progesterone.
     R: These hormones control menstrual cycle.

  8. A: DNA copying is essential during reproduction.
     R: Offspring must inherit same basic body design.

  9. A: Sexual reproduction promotes variation.
     R: Two parents contribute genetic material.

  10. A: Zygote undergoes mitosis.
     R: Mitosis helps in growth and development.

SECTION C – ONE-WORD / VERY SHORT ANSWERS (10)

  1. Define reproduction.
  2. What is binary fission?
  3. Name the male reproductive cell.
  4. What is fertilisation?
  5. Write full form of IVF.
  6. What is menstruation?
  7. Name one organism reproducing by budding.
  8. What is vegetative propagation?
  9. Define zygote.
  10. Name two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

SECTION D – SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (8)

  1. Explain budding in Hydra with a diagram.
  2. Describe the process of fertilisation in flowering plants.
  3. Why is DNA copying essential?
  4. What is the role of placenta in human pregnancy?
  5. Differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction.
  6. Draw and label the structure of a flower.
  7. Explain the menstrual cycle in brief.
  8. Give two advantages and two disadvantages of vegetative propagation.

SECTION E – LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (5)

Q1. (Asexual Reproduction – 5 Marks)

(a) Describe binary fission and multiple fission with diagrams.
 (b) Explain regeneration with one example.
 (c) State two advantages of asexual reproduction.

Q2. (Plant Reproduction – 5 Marks)

(a) Draw structure of a flower.
 (b) Explain pollination and fertilisation.
 (c) How are fruits and seeds formed?
 (d) Why do some flowers develop into fruits without fertilisation? (parthenocarpy)

Q3. (Human Reproductive System – 5 Marks)

(a) Draw and label male reproductive system.
 (b) Draw and label female reproductive system.
 (c) Describe fertilisation and development of embryo.
 (d) What is placenta? State its functions.

Q4. (Menstrual Cycle & Hormonal Control – 5 Marks)

(a) Describe menstrual cycle step-by-step.
 (b) What happens if egg is fertilised?
 (c) What happens if egg is not fertilised?
 (d) Explain the role of estrogen and progesterone.

Q5. (Variation & Genetics – 5 Marks)

(a) Why is variation important for survival of species?
 (b) Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to variation.
 (c) Compare DNA copying in sexual and asexual reproduction.
 (d) Give one example where variation provides survival advantage.

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